Topics
Years 1 to 6, with Year 7 bridging for the move to secondary school.
Year 1 Key Stage 1
English & Reading
Capital letters and full stops
Y1 G5.1 — Capital letters, full stops; capital for I and names
A sentence starts with a capital letter and ends with a full stop.
0/3 attempted
English & Reading
Joining ideas with 'and'
E1-G-AND — Join words and clauses using 'and'
'and' joins two ideas into one sentence. Only the end of the sentence gets a full stop.
0/3 attempted
English & Reading
Adding -s, -es, -ing and -ed
E1-SP-PLURAL, E1-SP-SUFFIX — Plurals -s and -es; verb endings -ing and -ed
Most words add -s for more than one. Words ending in s, x, sh or ch add -es.
0/3 attempted
English & Reading
Word meanings and what happens next
E1-R-1, E1-R-2 — Discuss word meanings; predict from what has been read
Other words in the sentence are clues to a new word, and to what will happen next.
0/3 attempted
Year 2 Key Stage 1
English & Reading
Past and present tense
Y2 G4.1 — Correct use of present and past tense
Present tense is now; past tense has already happened, often ending in -ed.
0/3 attempted
English & Reading
Kinds of sentence and commas in lists
E2-G-TYPES, E2-G-COMMA — Statements, questions, exclamations, commands; list commas
A sentence can tell, ask, order or exclaim. Commas separate the things in a list.
0/3 attempted
English & Reading
Joining words, noun phrases and short forms
E2-G-CONJ, E2-G-NP, E2-G-APOS — and/but/or, when/if/because; noun phrases; contractions
Joining words show how ideas link. Adjectives grow a noun phrase. An apostrophe marks missing letters.
0/3 attempted
English & Reading
Finding, explaining and working out
1a, 1b, 1d — Vocabulary; retrieve key details; make inferences
Some answers are written in the text. Others we work out from clues.
0/3 attempted
Year 3 Lower Key Stage 2
English & Reading
Prefixes un-, dis-, mis- and re-
Y3/4 Spelling App. 1 — Prefixes change meaning, not spelling of the root
A prefix is added to the start of a word to change its meaning.
0/3 attempted
English & Reading
Words for when and why; a or an
E3-G-CONJ, E3-G-AAN — Conjunctions, adverbs and prepositions for time and cause; a or an
Some words tell us when or why. Use 'an' before a vowel sound.
0/3 attempted
English & Reading
Speech marks and the present perfect
E3-G-SPEECH, E3-G-PERF — Inverted commas for direct speech; present perfect (has/have + verb)
Speech marks go round the words spoken. 'has' or 'have' shows something that happened and still matters now.
0/3 attempted
English & Reading
Finding facts in non-fiction
E3-R-RETR — Retrieve and record information from non-fiction
Find the key word from the question in the text. The answer is usually close by.
0/3 attempted
Year 4 Lower Key Stage 2
English & Reading
Apostrophes for possession
Y4 G5.8 — Apostrophes for singular and plural possession
An apostrophe shows belonging: one dog's bone, two dogs' bones.
0/3 attempted
English & Reading
Fronted adverbials
E4-G-FRONT — Fronted adverbials, followed by a comma
An adverbial tells us when, where or how. When it comes first, put a comma after it.
0/3 attempted
English & Reading
Standard English and clear pronouns
E4-G-STD, E4-G-PRON — Standard English verb forms; nouns or pronouns for clarity
Write 'we were', not 'we was'. Use a name again if a pronoun could mean two people.
0/3 attempted
English & Reading
Working out how characters feel
E4-R-INF — Draw inferences such as characters' feelings, justifying with evidence
Writers often show feelings instead of naming them. Use clues in the text and say which words told you.
0/3 attempted
Year 5 Upper Key Stage 2
English & Reading
Modal verbs and degrees of possibility
Y5 G4.3 — Modal verbs and adverbs to show possibility
Words like might, should, will and must tell the reader how certain something is.
0/3 attempted
English & Reading
Brackets, dashes and commas for extra information
E5-G-PAREN — Brackets, dashes or commas to indicate parenthesis
Extra information can go inside a pair of brackets, dashes or commas. Take it out and the sentence still works.
0/3 attempted
English & Reading
Making verbs with -ate, -ise, -ify and -en
E5-SP-SUFFIX — Convert nouns or adjectives into verbs using -ate, -ise, -ify, -en
Some suffixes turn a noun or adjective into a verb: real → realise, pure → purify, short → shorten.
0/3 attempted
Year 6 Upper Key Stage 2
English & Reading
Passive voice and formal language
E6-G-PASSIVE, E6-G-FORMAL — Passive voice; formal and informal vocabulary, including the subjunctive
The passive puts the thing that something happens to first. Formal writing avoids chatty words.
0/3 attempted
English & Reading
Semi-colons, colons and hyphens
E6-G-COLON, E6-G-HYPHEN — Semi-colons, colons and dashes between clauses; hyphens to avoid ambiguity
A semi-colon joins two linked sentences. A colon introduces a list or an explanation. A hyphen links words to make the meaning clear.
0/3 attempted
English & Reading
Synonyms and antonyms
E6-G-SYN — Synonyms and antonyms
Synonyms mean nearly the same. Antonyms mean the opposite. Choose the synonym that fits best.
0/3 attempted
English & Reading
Reading across a text: summarise, predict, compare
2c, 2e, 2f, 2h — Summarise; predict; how content adds to meaning; make comparisons
Step back from single words. Ask: what is the whole text about, what will happen, and how has it changed?
0/4 attempted
English & Reading
Inference versus retrieval
2d — Make inferences from the text; 2b — Retrieve key details
Retrieval finds what is written. Inference works out what is meant.
0/3 attempted
English & Reading
Figurative language
2g — Identify how meaning is enhanced through choice of words
Similes, metaphors and personification create meaning beyond the literal.
0/3 attempted
English & Reading
Tier 2 academic vocabulary
2a — Give and explain the meaning of words in context
High-utility words used across every Year 7 subject.
0/3 attempted
Year 7 bridging Year 7 bridging
English & Reading
Point, evidence, explain: using quotations
E7-R-EVID — KS3: make inferences and refer to evidence in the text, using short quotations
Make a point, back it with a short quotation, then explain what the words suggest.
0/3 attempted
English & Reading
Syntactic parsing: clauses
G3.3 — Main and subordinate clauses; relative clauses
Breaking sentences into their working parts.
0/3 attempted