Topics
Years 1 to 6, with Year 7 bridging for the move to secondary school.
Year 1 Key Stage 1
Mathematics
Number bonds to 10
1NF-1 — Fluency in addition and subtraction facts within 10
Two parts make a whole. Knowing the pairs that make 10 makes every later sum easier.
0/3 attempted
English & Reading
Capital letters and full stops
Y1 G5.1 — Capital letters, full stops; capital for I and names
A sentence starts with a capital letter and ends with a full stop.
0/3 attempted
Science
Everyday materials
Y1 Materials — Name and describe everyday materials
An object is the thing; a material is what it is made of.
0/3 attempted
Mathematics
Counting on, counting back and the number line
1NPV-1, 1NPV-2, 1NF-2 — Count within 100; place numbers to 20; count in 2s, 5s and 10s
Each number is one more than the one before. A number line shows where every number lives.
0/3 attempted
Mathematics
Reading +, − and =
1AS-2 — Read, write and interpret equations containing +, − and =
The = sign means 'is the same as'. Both sides must be equal.
0/3 attempted
Mathematics
2D and 3D shapes
1G-1, 1G-2 — Recognise 2D and 3D shapes in any orientation; compose shapes
A shape is named by its sides, corners and faces — not by which way up it is.
0/3 attempted
Mathematics
Time, money and length
1M-1, 1M-2 — Compare lengths; recognise coins; tell the time to the hour
The short hand tells the hour. Coins are counted by their value, not their size.
0/3 attempted
English & Reading
Joining ideas with 'and'
E1-G-AND — Join words and clauses using 'and'
'and' joins two ideas into one sentence. Only the end of the sentence gets a full stop.
0/3 attempted
English & Reading
Adding -s, -es, -ing and -ed
E1-SP-PLURAL, E1-SP-SUFFIX — Plurals -s and -es; verb endings -ing and -ed
Most words add -s for more than one. Words ending in s, x, sh or ch add -es.
0/3 attempted
English & Reading
Word meanings and what happens next
E1-R-1, E1-R-2 — Discuss word meanings; predict from what has been read
Other words in the sentence are clues to a new word, and to what will happen next.
0/3 attempted
Science
Parts of a plant
S1-PLANTS — Name common plants and trees; describe their basic structure
Roots, stem, leaves and flowers each have a job. Some trees keep their leaves all year.
0/3 attempted
Science
Animals and the human body
S1-ANIMALS, S1-BODY — Group animals; carnivores, herbivores, omnivores; senses
We group animals by what they look like and what they eat. Our senses tell us about the world.
0/3 attempted
Science
The four seasons
S1-SEASON — Observe changes across the four seasons; day length
Spring, summer, autumn and winter always come in the same order.
0/3 attempted
Year 2 Key Stage 1
Mathematics
Tens and ones
2NPV-1 — Place value of each digit in two-digit numbers
In a two-digit number, the left digit counts tens and the right digit counts ones.
0/3 attempted
English & Reading
Past and present tense
Y2 G4.1 — Correct use of present and past tense
Present tense is now; past tense has already happened, often ending in -ed.
0/3 attempted
Science
Living things and habitats
Y2 LH — Living, dead and never alive; habitats
A habitat gives a living thing what it needs: food, water and shelter.
0/3 attempted
Mathematics
Adding and subtracting within 100
2NF-1, 2AS-1, 2AS-3, 2AS-4 — Facts within 10; bridge 10; use tens and ones
Make 10 first, then add the rest. For bigger numbers, add the tens and the ones separately.
0/3 attempted
Mathematics
Subtraction as difference
2AS-2 — Recognise the subtraction structure of 'difference'
The difference is the gap between two numbers. When they are close, count on.
0/3 attempted
Mathematics
Equal groups, sharing and grouping
2MD-1, 2MD-2 — Repeated addition; grouping problems as division
Multiplication counts equal groups. Division asks how many groups, or how many in each.
0/3 attempted
Mathematics
Halves, quarters and thirds
2M-1 — Find 1/3, 1/4, 2/4 and 3/4 of a length, shape or quantity
A fraction is one or more equal parts of a whole. The bottom number is how many equal parts.
0/3 attempted
Mathematics
Sides, vertices and shape names
2G-1 — Use precise language to describe the properties of 2D shapes
We name flat shapes by counting their straight sides and vertices (corners).
0/3 attempted
Mathematics
Money, time and pictograms
2M-2, 2S-1 — Use £ and p; tell the time to 5 minutes; read pictograms
Count coins by value. The long hand shows minutes. A pictogram key tells you what each picture is worth.
0/3 attempted
English & Reading
Kinds of sentence and commas in lists
E2-G-TYPES, E2-G-COMMA — Statements, questions, exclamations, commands; list commas
A sentence can tell, ask, order or exclaim. Commas separate the things in a list.
0/3 attempted
English & Reading
Joining words, noun phrases and short forms
E2-G-CONJ, E2-G-NP, E2-G-APOS — and/but/or, when/if/because; noun phrases; contractions
Joining words show how ideas link. Adjectives grow a noun phrase. An apostrophe marks missing letters.
0/3 attempted
English & Reading
Finding, explaining and working out
1a, 1b, 1d — Vocabulary; retrieve key details; make inferences
Some answers are written in the text. Others we work out from clues.
0/3 attempted
Science
How plants grow
S2-PLANTS — Seeds and bulbs grow into plants; water, light and warmth
A seed needs water and warmth to start growing. A growing plant also needs light.
0/3 attempted
Science
Animals grow and stay healthy
S2-ANIMALS — Offspring grow into adults; basic needs; exercise, food and hygiene
Animals have babies that grow up. All animals need water, food and air.
0/3 attempted
Science
Choosing and changing materials
S2-MAT, S-WS-KS1 — Suitability of materials; squash, bend, twist, stretch; simple tests
We choose a material for what it can do. A simple test tells us which is best.
0/3 attempted
Year 3 Lower Key Stage 2
Mathematics
Multiplication as equal groups
3NF-2 — Recall multiplication facts for the 2, 4, 5, 8 and 10 tables
Multiplication counts equal groups. An array shows the groups as rows.
0/3 attempted
English & Reading
Prefixes un-, dis-, mis- and re-
Y3/4 Spelling App. 1 — Prefixes change meaning, not spelling of the root
A prefix is added to the start of a word to change its meaning.
0/3 attempted
Science
Light and shadows
Y3 Light — Shadows form when light is blocked by an opaque object
We need light to see. A shadow forms where an opaque object blocks light.
0/3 attempted
Mathematics
Hundreds, tens and ones
3NPV-1 to 3NPV-4 — 10 tens = 100; place value and position of 3-digit numbers; divide 100
Ten tens make a hundred. Where a digit sits tells you what it is worth.
0/3 attempted
Mathematics
Adding and subtracting: mental and column methods
3NF-1, 3NF-3, 3AS-1 to 3AS-3 — Facts that bridge 10; scale facts by 10; complements to 100; columns
Known facts scale up by 10. In columns, exchange when the top digit is too small.
0/3 attempted
Mathematics
Using times tables to solve problems
3MD-1 — Apply multiplication and division facts to solve contextual problems
Ask: do I know the groups and the size (multiply), or the total (divide)?
0/3 attempted
Mathematics
Fractions: parts, amounts and adding
3F-1 to 3F-4 — Proper fractions; unit fractions of amounts; position; add with same denominator
The denominator names the size of the part. Fewer parts means bigger parts.
0/3 attempted
Mathematics
Right angles, lines and perimeter
3G-1, 3G-2, 3M-1 — Right angles; perpendicular and parallel lines; perimeter
A right angle is a square corner. Perimeter is the distance all the way round.
0/3 attempted
English & Reading
Words for when and why; a or an
E3-G-CONJ, E3-G-AAN — Conjunctions, adverbs and prepositions for time and cause; a or an
Some words tell us when or why. Use 'an' before a vowel sound.
0/3 attempted
English & Reading
Speech marks and the present perfect
E3-G-SPEECH, E3-G-PERF — Inverted commas for direct speech; present perfect (has/have + verb)
Speech marks go round the words spoken. 'has' or 'have' shows something that happened and still matters now.
0/3 attempted
English & Reading
Finding facts in non-fiction
E3-R-RETR — Retrieve and record information from non-fiction
Find the key word from the question in the text. The answer is usually close by.
0/3 attempted
Science
What the parts of a plant do
S3-PLANTS — Functions of roots, stem, leaves and flowers; water transport
Roots take in water, the stem carries it, leaves make food and flowers make seeds.
0/3 attempted
Science
Food, skeletons and muscles
S3-ANIMALS — Nutrition from food; skeletons and muscles for support, protection and movement
We get nutrition from food. Skeletons support and protect; muscles pull on bones to move them.
0/3 attempted
Science
Rocks, fossils and soil
S3-ROCKS — Compare rocks; how fossils form; soils
Rocks differ in hardness and whether water soaks in. Fossils form over a very long time.
0/3 attempted
Science
Forces and magnets
S3-FORCES — Contact forces; magnetic forces act at a distance; attract and repel
Most forces need contact. Magnets can push or pull without touching, and only some metals are magnetic.
0/3 attempted
Year 4 Lower Key Stage 2
Mathematics
Mixed numbers and improper fractions
4F-2 — Convert mixed numbers to improper fractions and vice versa
A mixed number is wholes and a fraction; an improper fraction counts all the parts.
0/3 attempted
English & Reading
Apostrophes for possession
Y4 G5.8 — Apostrophes for singular and plural possession
An apostrophe shows belonging: one dog's bone, two dogs' bones.
0/3 attempted
Science
States of matter
Y4 States — Solids, liquids, gases; melting, freezing, evaporating
Materials can be solid, liquid or gas, and heating or cooling changes their state.
0/3 attempted
Mathematics
Thousands: place value and the number line
4NPV-1 to 4NPV-4 — 10 hundreds = 1,000; 4-digit place value; position; divide 1,000
Ten hundreds make a thousand. Each place is worth ten times the place to its right.
0/3 attempted
Mathematics
Times tables to 12 × 12 and remainders
4NF-1, 4NF-2 — Recall facts to 12 × 12; solve division problems with remainders
Know every fact to 12 × 12. When sharing does not come out exactly, what is left is the remainder.
0/3 attempted
Mathematics
Multiplying and dividing by 10 and 100
4NF-3, 4MD-1 — Scale facts by 10 and 100; multiply and divide whole numbers by 10 and 100
× 10 moves every digit one place to the left. × 100 moves it two places. Dividing moves digits right.
0/3 attempted
Mathematics
Fact families and splitting numbers to multiply
4MD-2, 4MD-3 — Manipulate multiplication and division equations; the distributive property
One fact gives you three more. A big number can be split into tens and ones, and each part multiplied.
0/3 attempted
Mathematics
Mixed numbers on the line; adding and subtracting fractions
4F-1, 4F-3 — Mixed numbers on the number line; add and subtract fractions with the same denominator
When the parts are the same size, add or subtract the numerators. The denominator stays the same.
0/3 attempted
Mathematics
Polygons, symmetry and perimeter
4G-1 to 4G-3 — Polygons and their sides; regular polygons; lines of symmetry; perimeter
A regular polygon has all sides equal and all angles equal. A line of symmetry folds a shape onto itself.
0/3 attempted
Mathematics
Reading bar charts and time graphs
4S-1 — Interpret and present data in bar charts and time graphs
Read the scale first. Then compare bars, or read how a value changes over time.
0/3 attempted
English & Reading
Fronted adverbials
E4-G-FRONT — Fronted adverbials, followed by a comma
An adverbial tells us when, where or how. When it comes first, put a comma after it.
0/3 attempted
English & Reading
Standard English and clear pronouns
E4-G-STD, E4-G-PRON — Standard English verb forms; nouns or pronouns for clarity
Write 'we were', not 'we was'. Use a name again if a pronoun could mean two people.
0/3 attempted
English & Reading
Working out how characters feel
E4-R-INF — Draw inferences such as characters' feelings, justifying with evidence
Writers often show feelings instead of naming them. Use clues in the text and say which words told you.
0/3 attempted
Science
Grouping living things with keys
S4-LT — Group living things; use keys to identify them; environments can change
A key uses yes/no questions about features you can see. Changes to a place can harm what lives there.
0/3 attempted
Science
Teeth, digestion and food chains
S4-ANIMALS — Digestive system; types of teeth; food chains
Teeth cut, tear and grind. Food then travels down to the stomach and intestines. Food chains show what eats what.
0/3 attempted
Science
Sound: vibrations, pitch and volume
S4-SOUND — Sounds are made by vibrations; pitch and volume; sounds fade with distance
Sound is made when something vibrates. Shorter or tighter makes a higher pitch; harder makes it louder.
0/3 attempted
Science
Electricity: circuits, switches and conductors
S4-ELEC — Simple series circuits; switches; conductors and insulators
A bulb lights only in a complete loop. Metals let electricity through; plastic, wood and rubber do not.
0/3 attempted
Science
Fair tests, results and conclusions
S-WS-LKS2 — Plan fair tests; take repeat readings; record findings; draw conclusions
Change one thing, measure one thing, keep everything else the same.
0/3 attempted
Year 5 Upper Key Stage 2
Mathematics
Tenths, hundredths and decimal place value
5NPV-1 — 10 tenths = 1; 10 hundredths = 0.1
Each place is ten times the size of the place to its right — also after the decimal point.
0/3 attempted
English & Reading
Modal verbs and degrees of possibility
Y5 G4.3 — Modal verbs and adverbs to show possibility
Words like might, should, will and must tell the reader how certain something is.
0/3 attempted
Science
Gravity, friction and air resistance
Y5 Forces — Gravity; air resistance, water resistance and friction
Gravity pulls objects towards Earth; friction and air resistance act against motion.
0/3 attempted
Mathematics
Decimals on the number line; splitting 1
5NPV-3, 5NPV-4 — Position of numbers with up to 2 decimal places; divide 1 into 2, 4, 5 and 10 parts
Between any two whole numbers there are tenths, and between tenths there are hundredths.
0/3 attempted
Mathematics
Converting units of measure
5NPV-5 — Convert between units of measure (km/m, m/cm, kg/g, l/ml)
1 km = 1,000 m, 1 m = 100 cm, 1 kg = 1,000 g, 1 litre = 1,000 ml. Change to the same unit before comparing.
0/3 attempted
Mathematics
Times tables with decimals; scaling by 10 and 100
5NF-1, 5NF-2, 5MD-1 — Facts × 0.1; place value with decimal facts; × and ÷ 10, 100 as scaling
If you know 7 × 8 = 56, you know 0.7 × 8 = 5.6: one number is ten times smaller, so the answer is too.
0/3 attempted
Mathematics
Factors, multiples and prime numbers
5MD-2 — Find factors and multiples; identify prime numbers
Factors divide into a number exactly. Multiples are in its times table. A prime has exactly two factors.
0/3 attempted
Mathematics
Written multiplication and short division
5MD-3, 5MD-4 — Multiply by a one-digit number; divide up to 4 digits by a one-digit number
Work column by column and carry or exchange. In a problem, decide what a remainder means.
0/3 attempted
Mathematics
Fractions of amounts and equivalent fractions
5F-1, 5F-2 — Non-unit fractions of quantities; equivalent fractions have the same value
To find 3/4, find 1/4 then times by 3. Multiply top and bottom by the same number to get an equal fraction.
0/3 attempted
Mathematics
Angles in degrees and area of rectangles
5G-1, 5G-2 — Compare, estimate and measure angles; calculate the area of rectangles
A right angle is 90°. Area is the number of squares inside: length × width.
0/3 attempted
English & Reading
Brackets, dashes and commas for extra information
E5-G-PAREN — Brackets, dashes or commas to indicate parenthesis
Extra information can go inside a pair of brackets, dashes or commas. Take it out and the sentence still works.
0/3 attempted
English & Reading
Making verbs with -ate, -ise, -ify and -en
E5-SP-SUFFIX — Convert nouns or adjectives into verbs using -ate, -ise, -ify, -en
Some suffixes turn a noun or adjective into a verb: real → realise, pure → purify, short → shorten.
0/3 attempted
Science
Life cycles and growing up
S5-LT, S5-ANIMALS — Life cycles of mammals, amphibians, insects and birds; human development to old age
Every living thing is born, grows, reproduces and dies. Some animals change shape completely as they grow.
0/3 attempted
Science
Dissolving, separating and changes
S5-MAT — Properties of materials; dissolving; separating mixtures; reversible and irreversible changes
Sieve or filter to remove solids. Evaporate to get a dissolved solid back. Burning cannot be undone.
0/3 attempted
Science
Earth, Sun and Moon
S5-SPACE — Movement of the Earth and planets; the Moon; day and night; spherical bodies
The Earth spins once a day and orbits the Sun once a year. The Moon orbits the Earth.
0/3 attempted
Year 6 Upper Key Stage 2
Mathematics
Numbers to ten million
6NPV-1 to 6NPV-3 — Place value, position and order of numbers up to 10,000,000
Read big numbers in groups of three digits: millions, thousands, ones.
0/3 attempted
Mathematics
Splitting powers of ten; scaling known facts
6NPV-4, 6NF-1 — Divide powers of 10 into 2, 4, 5 and 10 parts; apply place value to known facts
A quarter of 1 is 0.25, so a quarter of 10,000 is 2,500. A known fact works at any place value.
0/3 attempted
Mathematics
Additive and multiplicative relationships
6AS/MD-1, 6AS/MD-2 — Numbers related additively or multiplicatively; derive related calculations
4 → 12 is '+ 8' and also '× 3'. One calculation can unlock many others.
0/3 attempted
Mathematics
Problems with two unknowns
6AS/MD-4 — Solve problems with two unknowns
When two amounts are unknown, use both facts. A bar model shows how they fit together.
0/3 attempted
Mathematics
Simplifying, common denominators and comparing fractions
6F-1 to 6F-3 — Simplify using common factors; express in a common denomination; compare
Divide top and bottom by a common factor to simplify. Use the same denominator to compare or add.
0/3 attempted
Mathematics
Building and naming shapes from their properties
6G-1 — Draw, compose and decompose shapes according to given properties
Shapes are named by their properties: equal sides, parallel sides and right angles.
0/3 attempted
Mathematics
Pie charts, line graphs and the mean
6S-1 — Interpret pie charts and line graphs; calculate the mean
A pie chart shows fractions of a total. The mean shares the total out equally.
0/3 attempted
English & Reading
Passive voice and formal language
E6-G-PASSIVE, E6-G-FORMAL — Passive voice; formal and informal vocabulary, including the subjunctive
The passive puts the thing that something happens to first. Formal writing avoids chatty words.
0/3 attempted
English & Reading
Semi-colons, colons and hyphens
E6-G-COLON, E6-G-HYPHEN — Semi-colons, colons and dashes between clauses; hyphens to avoid ambiguity
A semi-colon joins two linked sentences. A colon introduces a list or an explanation. A hyphen links words to make the meaning clear.
0/3 attempted
English & Reading
Synonyms and antonyms
E6-G-SYN — Synonyms and antonyms
Synonyms mean nearly the same. Antonyms mean the opposite. Choose the synonym that fits best.
0/3 attempted
English & Reading
Reading across a text: summarise, predict, compare
2c, 2e, 2f, 2h — Summarise; predict; how content adds to meaning; make comparisons
Step back from single words. Ask: what is the whole text about, what will happen, and how has it changed?
0/4 attempted
Science
The heart, blood and a healthy body
S6-ANIMALS — Circulatory system; impact of diet, exercise and drugs
The heart pumps blood round the body. Blood carries oxygen, food and water to every part.
0/3 attempted
Science
Fossils, inheritance and adaptation
S6-EVOL — Fossils; inheritance; adaptation and evolution
Offspring are similar to but not the same as their parents. Over a very long time, helpful features become more common.
0/3 attempted
Science
How light travels and how we see
S6-LIGHT — Light travels in straight lines; how we see; shadows have the same shape as the object
Light travels in straight lines. We see things when light bounces off them into our eyes.
0/3 attempted
Science
Changing circuits; circuit symbols
S6-ELEC — Brightness and volume vary with the number and voltage of cells; circuit symbols
More cells make a bulb brighter. More bulbs on one cell make each dimmer.
0/3 attempted
Mathematics
Multiplying fractions by whole numbers
Y5 statutory, revisited in Year 6 — Multiply proper fractions by whole numbers
Repeated groups of a fraction: the denominator names the part, the numerator counts it.
0/4 attempted
Mathematics
Fractions, decimals and percentages
6F11 — Recall and use equivalences between FDP
Three ways to write the same proportion of a whole.
0/3 attempted
Mathematics
Ratio and proportion
6R3 — Solve problems involving unequal sharing
Comparing part to part, and scaling a whole into shares.
0/3 attempted
Mathematics
Angles and geometric properties
6G4 — Find unknown angles in triangles, quadrilaterals and on lines
Angle facts as tools for reasoning about unseen measurements.
0/3 attempted
English & Reading
Inference versus retrieval
2d — Make inferences from the text; 2b — Retrieve key details
Retrieval finds what is written. Inference works out what is meant.
0/3 attempted
English & Reading
Figurative language
2g — Identify how meaning is enhanced through choice of words
Similes, metaphors and personification create meaning beyond the literal.
0/3 attempted
English & Reading
Tier 2 academic vocabulary
2a — Give and explain the meaning of words in context
High-utility words used across every Year 7 subject.
0/3 attempted
Science
Scientific enquiry and fair tests
KS2 WS — Plan enquiries, recognising and controlling variables
Change one thing, measure one thing, keep everything else the same.
0/3 attempted
Science
Classification systems
Y6 LT — Classify living things based on characteristics
Grouping organisms by shared observable features.
0/3 attempted
Year 7 bridging Year 7 bridging
Mathematics
Calculating with negative numbers
7N-1 — KS3: use the four operations with negative numbers
On a number line, adding moves right and subtracting moves left — even below zero.
0/3 attempted
Mathematics
Ratio notation and sharing in a ratio
7R-1 — KS3: use ratio notation, simplify ratios and divide a quantity in a given ratio
A ratio like 2 : 3 means 5 equal parts in total. Find one part, then scale.
0/3 attempted
English & Reading
Point, evidence, explain: using quotations
E7-R-EVID — KS3: make inferences and refer to evidence in the text, using short quotations
Make a point, back it with a short quotation, then explain what the words suggest.
0/3 attempted
Science
Cells: the building blocks of life
S7-CELLS — KS3: cells as the fundamental unit of living organisms; plant and animal cell parts
All living things are made of cells. Plant cells have extra parts that animal cells do not.
0/3 attempted
Mathematics
Variables and sequences
6A2 — Use simple formulae; generate linear sequences
Letters stand for numbers we do not yet know, or numbers that can change.
0/3 attempted
English & Reading
Syntactic parsing: clauses
G3.3 — Main and subordinate clauses; relative clauses
Breaking sentences into their working parts.
0/3 attempted
Science
Particle model: states of matter
Y5 MP / KS3 Particles — Solids, liquids and gases
Everything is made of tiny particles; their arrangement explains properties.
0/3 attempted
Science
Forces and motion
Y5 F — Gravity, air resistance, water resistance and friction
Forces are pushes or pulls, measured in newtons (N).
0/3 attempted